【成长旅程】与世界，共节气——大暑

7月23日

赴盛夏之约，识节气之美

Exploring Solar Terms: Meeting with Major Heat

二十四节气，是古人留给我们最美的自然诗行。大暑作为夏季最后一个节气，承载着盛夏最热烈的模样。为让二年级孩子走出课本、亲近自然，我们以项目化学习为载体，开启大暑节气探究之旅。孩子们用眼观察盛夏风物，用心感受季节变化，在观察、体验、实践中读懂传统节气文化，在沉浸式学习里感受自然韵律、传承民俗底蕴，收获独属于夏日的成长与美好。

China’s 24 Solar Terms are a priceless cultural heritage from ancient Chinese people. Major Heat, the last solar term in summer, marks the hottest period of the year. We have initiated an extracurricular program of Major Heat for second year primary students to explore nature and traditional Chinese culture. This summary presents fruitful outcomes achieved through efforts of our students in reading books, searching information, field observation and group wisdom.

初识大暑，盛夏终章

Introduction to Major Heat

大暑，是二十四节气中的第十二个节气，也是夏季六个节气的最后一站。古语有言：“暑，热也，就热之中分为大小，月初为小，月中为大，今则热气犹大也。”相较于小暑的初盛温热，大暑是一年中气温最高、暑气最盛的时节。

Major Heat, the 12th solar term of the 24 Chinese solar terms, marks ending of the six summer solar terms. According to ancient Chinese, shu (暑) means heat. The heat comes at the month start is called Minor Heat. And the one in the mid of the month is Major Heat, i.e., reaching the hottest time of the year. Minor Heat signifies the hot season has started but will reach to the peak at Major Heat.

每当太阳到达黄经120°，大暑如期而至，标志着盛夏走到极致。此时盛夏落幕在即，夏秋即将交接。对于古人而言，大暑不仅是炎热的代名词，更是万物生长、农作丰收的关键节点。

Major Heat comes when the sun reaches the celestial longitude of 120 degrees. This solar term brings the highest temperature, marks the shifting from summer to autumn, and has the fastest growing period of agricultural crops.

静观时序，四时更迭

Three Pentads of Major Heat

大暑时节，天地时序悄然轮转，大自然换上了最浓郁的盛夏盛装，古人将大暑凝练为三候，岁岁如期，从无偏差。

There are three pentads of Major Heat and each lasts for five days.

一候腐草为萤，盛夏夜晚，腐草之间萤火点点、翩然飞舞，点点星光散落田间草丛，为燥热的夏夜增添了灵动温柔的诗意。

Pentad 1: Fireflies and Decaying Weeds

The humid air and high temperature of Major Heat makes weeds decay quickly which provides good habitat for insects such as fireflies. The ancient Chinese saw fireflies fly across the decaying weeds at night and thought these weeds could transform into fireflies.

二候土润溽暑，此时雨水充沛、地气潮湿，土壤温润松软，万物在湿热的环境里肆意生长，大地处处生机勃勃。

Pentad 2: Damp Soil and Sweltering Heat

During this period, the abundant rainfall, sweltering heat and damp soil boost the growth of agricultural crops.

三候大雨时行，大暑后期雷雨频发，骤雨来去匆匆，冲刷盛夏燥热，为万物带来生机。

Pentad 3: Frequent Thunder Storms

At the last phase of Major Heat, there are frequent thunder storms which come and leave in a hurry. The rainfall clears away muggy heat and brings booming vigor for all the living creatures.

大暑之境，万物丰盈

Peak of Summer Heat, All Things Thrive

大暑时节，是一年暑气的顶峰，也藏着盛夏最繁盛的景致与独特气候特点。此时气温攀升至全年最高，空气湿热闷热，骄阳灼灼、暑风烈烈，是名副其实的“盛夏酷暑”。

孩子们在沉浸式体验中发现，大暑不止有炎热，更有生生不息的力量。热烈的夏日、繁茂的万物、多变的天气，让孩子们真切体会到自然的神奇，懂得每一个季节都有独属于自己的美好与意义。他们亲手制作了关于大暑节气的手抄报，图文并茂，创意十足。

Major Heat marks the peak of summer heat in the whole year. It has the most beautiful summer scenery and distinctive climatic features. The temperature soars to its annual maximum, and the air becomes hot and muggy. The sun blazes over the earth and weltering winds sweep across the land, making this the peak of midsummer heat.

Under this study program, our students have found that beyond severe heat, Major Heat generates endless vigor for all living creatures. They were impressed by the way extreme heat helps plants to grow, and frequent weather change of Major Heat. The children made posters to present their creative understandings of Major Heat, a demonstration of nature wonders and uniqueness of Chinese solar terms.

食遇大暑，顺时养生

Seasonal Diet of Major Heat

民以食为天，二十四节气的智慧，藏在四季的烟火美食之中。大暑湿热难耐，古人遵循“顺时养生”的理念，留下了诸多温柔的节气食俗。民间素有“大暑吃仙草，夏日无酷暑”的说法，清凉的仙草软糯爽口、清热解暑，是夏日专属的清甜慰藉。鲁南地区盛行三伏喝暑羊，温热羊汤驱散体内湿寒，顺应时节进补养生。此外，清甜解暑的绿豆汤、温润滋补的老鸭汤、酸甜生津的应季鲜果，都是大暑的经典吃食。

Food is an essential part of life. Each solar term has its own seasonal food traditions. In terms of Major Heat, the weather turns sweltering and humid. Since the ancient times, the Chinese have followed the philosophy of "keeping healthy in accordance with seasonal changes" and we eat seasonal food when different solar terms come. For example, an old Chinese saying which goes, “eating grass jelly in Major Heat, no fear of summer heat”. Grass jelly is a traditional Chinese dessert that can alleviate heat and thirst. In the south of Shandong Province, people have mutton soup on the day of Major Heat. This milky-white soup can help balance the body’s internal system. In addition, seasonal Major Heat food includes sweet mung bean soup, delicious old duck soup, fresh fruits like litchi and pineapple.

研学大暑，不负盛夏

A Probe into Major Heat, A Host of Great Gains

盛夏不负韶华，研学收获成长。本次大暑节气项目化跨学科学习，打破了课堂的边界，让孩子们走出书本，走进鲜活的盛夏自然。从溯源节气知识、观察物候变化，到感知盛夏风物、探寻传统食俗，孩子们用眼观察、用心感受、动脑思考、动手探索。小小的节气探索，在孩子心中种下了传统文化的种子，让传统民俗焕发新生，也让孩子们在热烈的夏日里，收获知识、快乐与成长。

The Major Heat Study Program provides and inter-disciplinary and extra-curriculum flatform for students. They have learned solar terms details, made field observation of climatic changes, and enjoyed a happy and healthy midsummer. The successful implementation of Major Heat Study Program is rewarding. It has brought traditional Chinese culture into life and left the whole class a summer of wonderful memories.

文字 | 孙杨 庄左伊妈妈

图片 | 班级提供

编辑 | 刘亚俊

审核 | 于睿