北京
狂者胸次
指特立独行、狂放不羁的胸襟气度。由明代王阳明提出。王阳明毕生“以成圣为第一等事”，在政治上蔑视权贵，在思想上挑战程朱理学，他所称说的“狂者胸次”是以自由独立、勇于进取、超群脱俗的思想格局和精神境界为内核的。王阳明提出“狂者胸次”的人生理想，影响了后世诸多学者文士，开启了晚明时期的个性解放思潮。
An Unrestrained Mind
This refers to an independent mind that refuses to be restrained. The concept was proposed by the Ming-dynasty philosopher Wang Yangming, who devoted his entire life to "becoming a sage first and foremost." Politically, he looked down on those in power and high position. Intellectually, he challenged the School of Neo-Confucianism advocated by Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, and Zhu Xi. The "unrestrained mind" he proposed had at its core a free and independent spirit, courage of forging ahead, and unconventional thinking. As an aspiration in life, it had a profound influence on many future intellectuals and scholars, igniting trends about individual emancipation in the late Ming Dynasty.
引例
陆、王之学，诚有流弊，然其志气激昂，自是狂者胸次。（徐世昌《清儒学案·艮峰学案·日记》）（陆九渊、王阳明的心学，的确有弊端和不足，但是他们的志气奋发昂扬，这自有一种特立独行、狂放不羁的胸襟气度。）
The philosophy of the mind of Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming may indeed have created many problems, but it is uplifting and aspiring, embodying an unrestrained mind. (Xu Shichang: Commentaries on Writings of Famous Scholars of the Qing Dynasty)
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