【成长旅程】与世界，共节气——处暑

节气

荷花半成子

池上秋又来

袅袅凉风起

离离暑云散

暑云渐散，余温犹存，晚风里慢慢漫开清宁的秋意——这是处暑递来的信笺。当二十四节气的指针缓缓前行，盛夏的燥热慢慢收束，秋日的肃敛与丰收次第登场，邀我们共赴一场暑退秋澄、万物敛藏的时光之约。

历史渊源

处暑，是秋季第二个节气，意为“出暑”，标志炎热渐次消退，暑气至此而止。《月令七十二候集解》曰：“处暑，七月中。处，止也，暑气至此而止矣。”《说文解字》：“处，止也。”《逸周书·时训解》载处暑物候，言秋金肃敛，谷物将登。、

End of Heat (Chushu) is the second solar term of autumn, meaning the departure of summer heat. The Collection of Explanations for the Seventy-Two Pentads records: "Chushu falls in the seventh lunar month. Chu means cease; the summer heat comes to an end here." Shuowen Jiezi (Explaining Simple and Analyzing Compound Characters) notes: "Chu means to stop." The Yizhoushu·Shixun Jie documents its natural signs, stating that autumn’s solemn energy prevails and grains ripen.

物候现象

中国古代将处暑分为三候：一候鹰乃祭鸟；二候天地始肃；三候禾乃登。处暑之后，鹰隼感知秋气，开始捕猎飞鸟，陈列猎物如行祭礼；天地间清气渐生，草木褪去盛荣，慢慢显露肃敛之态；黍、稷、稻、粱等农作物陆续成熟，迎来收获的时节。

“初候鹰乃祭鸟”，秋气肃杀，鹰隼开始大量捕击禽鸟，古人见其陈列猎物，谓之“祭鸟”，藏着古人对自然节律的观察。

“二候天地始肃”，阳气持续收敛，阴气渐盛，草木由盛转衰，万物褪去盛夏的繁茂，天地间生出清肃沉静的氛围。

“三候禾乃登”，禾是各类谷物的统称，“登”即为成熟。田野里庄稼渐次饱满，大地酝酿着秋收的喜悦。

Ancient Chinese writings divide the End of Heat into three pentads: The first pentad sees eagles hunt birds and lay out their prey as an offering; the second brings solemn stillness to heaven and earth; the third witnesses the ripening of grain crops. After the End of Heat, eagles respond to autumn energy and hunt birds, laying out their catch as if making sacrifices. Nature turns austere, plants fade from lushness, and staple grains such as millet and rice mature for harvest.

First pentad: Eagles sacrifice birds. With autumn’s stern energy, eagles begin to hunt birds. The ancient people observed them arranging prey, naming the phenomenon "offering sacrifice to birds".

Second pentad: Heaven and earth turn solemn. Yang energy fades and yin grows strong. Vegetation loses its summer vigour, and the whole world takes on a quiet, austere tone.

Third pentad: Grain ripens. He refers to all cereal crops. Deng means maturity. Crops in the fields plump up one after another, bearing the promise of harvest.

传统习俗

处暑时节，民间多有祭祖迎秋的传统。旧时百姓会举行普渡祭祀，追思先人，祈求家宅安稳、五谷丰登。沿海地区会举办开渔节，禁渔期结束，欢送渔民出海，祈愿渔获满舱；民间还有吃鸭子、放河灯、出游迎秋的习俗。鸭肉润燥养阴，适配秋燥；河灯随水漂流，寄寓思念与平安祈愿；秋光清朗，人们结伴郊野赏景，迎接清爽新秋。

On the End of Heat, folk traditions centre on ancestor worship and welcoming autumn. In ancient times, people held sacrificial rituals to honour ancestors, praying for peace and bumper harvests. Coastal communities host the Fishing Festival, marking the end of the fishing ban, to send off fishermen and wish them full catches. Popular customs also include eating duck, releasing river lanterns and sightseeing to greet autumn. Duck meat nourishes the body against autumn dryness. Lotus-shaped river lanterns drift on water, carrying people’s longing and wishes for safety. As the weather turns pleasant, families travel outdoors to admire the fresh autumn scenery.

郊野寻秋·踏风赴处暑

食润迎秋·时令解余暑

暑气至此渐消，却仍留有午后余温。自然界完成由盛极向敛藏的过渡，万物收敛繁茂，蓄力成熟，大地慢慢铺展丰收的画卷。

文字 | 张赛 徐曼

图片 | 班级提供

编辑 | 刘亚俊

审核 | 于睿