“古来青史谁不见”——岑参边塞诗名篇十四首传世英译辑

岑参（715‑770），江陵（今湖北荆州）人，曾任嘉州刺史，世称岑嘉州，与高适并称 “高岑”，是唐代最杰出的边塞诗人。

他两度远赴边塞：天宝八载首赴安西，诗作多写绝域苍茫，基调偏于愁苦，饱含羁旅乡愁；天宝十三载再入北庭幕府，受封常清赏识，报国壮志充分迸发，将爱国豪情熔铸于西域奇绝风物，实现山河审美与家国情怀的交融统一。

其西域诗作把英雄主义精神引入写景，突破传统山水文化偏于内向的特质，为后世西域题材诗歌开辟新境，文学影响深远。

本辑甄选岑参边塞诗中传世力作14首，以溯盛唐边塞本貌，也是文化出海的名片。英译遵循信达雅、功能对等、归化、异化、“三美论”、“以诗译诗”等翻译原则，助力岑参的边塞诗跨越山海，在异语境熠熠生辉。

一、白雪歌送武判官归京

北风卷地白草折，胡天八月即飞雪。

忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开。

散入珠帘湿罗幕，狐裘不暖锦衾薄。

将军角弓不得控，都护铁衣冷难著。

瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝。

中军置酒饮归客，胡琴琵琶与羌笛。

纷纷暮雪下辕门，风掣红旗冻不翻。

轮台东门送君去，去时雪满天山路。

山回路转不见君，雪上空留马行处。

勘校：著 / 着：古今异体字，古籍统一作「著」，现代通用「着」，无文意偏差。

Song of White Snow, Seeing Magistrate Wu Off to Capital

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

North wind tears the grass, white blades snap and bend;

In Tartar climes, August sees snow descend.

As if overnight spring breezes swept unseen,

Ten thousand pear trees bloom in a dazzling sheen.

Snow drifts through pearl screens, dampens silk tent'sfold;

Fox furs lack warmth, brocade quilts thin and cold.

Generals' horn‑bows freeze, and can scarce be drawn;

Governors' iron cuirasses freeze, hard to put on.

Across the desert stretch ice‑bars a hundred rods long;

Gloomy pallid clouds hang o'er ten thousand leaguesstrong.

Mid‑camp wine is poured for the guesthomeward bound;

Hu lutes, pipas, Qiang flutes plaintively resound.

At dusk thick snow swirls round the carriage gate;

Wind tugs red banners, frozen stiff, they cannot sway.

At Luntai East Gate I watch you take your way—

Snow fills all mountain paths where you will stray.

Hills wind and turn, your form from my sight they hide;

On the white waste only horse‑hoof prints abide.

二、走马川行奉送出师西征

君不见走马川行雪海边，平沙莽莽黄入天。

轮台九月风夜吼，一川碎石大如斗，随风满地石乱走。

匈奴草黄马正肥，金山西见烟尘飞，汉家大将西出师。

将军金甲夜不脱，半夜军行戈相拨，风头如刀面如割。

马毛带雪汗气蒸，五花连钱旋作冰，幕中草檄砚水凝。

虏骑闻之应胆慑，料知短兵不敢接，车师西门伫献捷。

Ballad of the Zoumachuan – Escorting the WesternExpedition

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

See Zoumachuan lie beside the snow‑sea's shore—

Boundless yellow sand blends with heaven's floor.

Luntai's ninth moon, night winds roar loud and high;

River boulders big as buckets roll and fly.

Nomad tribes' grass turns yellow, their horses fat andfine;

West of Golden Hill smoke and dust rise in line—

Our Han lord's great general marches west to fight.

The general's golden armour stays on day and night;

Midnight troops march, spear‑shafts clash in dim light.

Wind‑blades slice cheeks, sharp as kniveswell‑wrought;

Snow clings to horse‑hair, sweat steams hot and fast—

Their dappled coats are glazed with ice in haste.

Within the tent, draft war proclamations: ink‑stone's fluid froze fast.

When hostile nomad riders hear our host's sharp roar,

Their hearts shall quake, dare not close in hand‑to‑hand war;

At Jushi West Gate we'll wait for triumph’s roar.

三、轮台歌奉送封大夫出师西征

轮台城头夜吹角，轮台城北旄头落。

羽书昨夜过渠黎，单于已在金山西。

戍楼西望烟尘黑，汉军屯在轮台北。

上将拥旄西出征，平明吹笛大军行。

四边伐鼓雪海涌，三军大呼阴山动。

虏塞兵气连云屯，战场白骨缠草根。

剑河风急雪片阔，沙口石冻马蹄脱。

亚相勤王甘苦辛，誓将报主静边尘。

古来青史谁不见，今见功名胜古人。

勘校：雪片阔，一作云片阔。

Ballad of Luntai, Sending Minister Feng to Western War

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Night horns blare atop Luntai's wall;

Above its northern tower, comet stars fall.

Swift feather dispatches passed Quli Li last night—

The Chanyu's horde camps west of Golden Hill's height.

From watchtowers west, black battle‑smoke ascends;

Han legions bivouac north of Luntai's ends.

The grand lord bears yak‑tail banners, westward bound;

At dawn flutes sound, the grand army marches round.

Four sides beat drums – snow surges like the sea;

Three armies roar; Yin Mountain shakes.

Hostile tribes’ war‑vapours merge with cloud‑mass tall;

Battlefield white bones twist round grass‑roots all.

The Grand Censor serves the throne, endures hardshipsore—

He swears to calm the border dust for his lordevermore.

Who of old heroes graced history's page?

Today his fame outshines every ancient warrior.

四、热海行送崔侍御还京

侧闻阴山胡儿语，西头热海水如煮。

海上众鸟不敢飞，中有鲤鱼长且肥。

岸旁青草长不歇，空中白雪遥旋灭。

蒸沙烁石燃虏云，沸浪炎波煎汉月。

阴火潜烧天地炉，何事偏烘西一隅。

势吞月窟侵太白，气连赤坂通单于。

送君一醉天山郭，正见夕阳海边落。

柏台霜威寒逼人，热海炎气为之薄。

Ode to Hot Sea, Sending Censor Cui Back to Capital

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

I heard nomad tribesmen of Yin Hill tell the tale:

Westward lies Hot Sea – its waters boil and seethe pale.

No birds dare soar above its steaming tide;

Fat long carps swim its depths, side by side.

Green grass grows ceaseless all along the shore;

White snow drifts far aloft, melts mid‑air evermore.

Steam scorches sand and stones, ignites tribal haze;

Boiling waves and fiery ripples bake the Han moon'srays.

Hidden subterranean fire stokes heaven's furnace flame—

Why blazes it alone within this western border realm?

Its force swallows moon‑caves, reaches Venus star;

Its fumes stretch to Red Slope, reach the Chanyu afar.

I drink with you beneath Tian Shan's outer wall;

Sun sinks beyond the Hot Sea, crimson and tall.

The Censor's stern dignity chills all around—

The Hot Sea's fiery breath grows faint and unbound.

五、火山云歌送别

火山突兀赤亭口，火山五月火云厚。

火云满山凝未开，飞鸟千里不敢来。

平明乍逐胡风断，薄暮浑随塞雨回。

缭绕斜吞铁关树，氛氲半掩交河戍。

迢迢征路火山东，山上孤云随马去。

Ballad of Volcanic Clouds, For a Farewell Guest

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

The volcano juts steep at Chiting Pass's mouth;

Fifth moon – volcanic clouds pile thick in the south.

Clouds cloak all mountains, dense, no crack to find;

No flying bird dares cross a thousand miles behind.

At dawn nomad winds tear cloud‑veils apart;

At dusk border rains draw mists back to their rest.

Wreathed clouds slant‑swallow Iron Pass' woodland trees;

Thick haze half‑shrouds Jiaohe's garrison's ease.

Your long journey winds east of the volcanic mound;

A lone cloud o'er the hill follows your horse unbound.

六、天山雪歌送萧治归京

天山有雪常不开，千峰万岭雪崔嵬。

北风夜卷赤亭口，一夜天山雪更厚。

能兼汉月照银山，复逐胡风过铁关。

交河城边飞鸟绝，轮台路上马蹄滑。

晻霭寒氛万里凝，阑干阴崖千丈冰。

将军狐裘卧不暖，都护宝刀冻欲断。

正是天山雪下时，送君走马归京师。

雪中何以赠君别，惟有青青松树枝。

Ballad of Tian Shan Snow, Sending Xiao Zhi to Capital

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Tian Shan's snow lingers, never melts away;

Ten thousand peaks stand draped in snow's array.

North winds rage nightly o'er Chiting Pass's gate—

One night's gale piles Tian Shan's snow thicker,straight.

It glints with Han moon o'er Silver Hill's stone face;

Chases nomad winds across Iron Pass's trace.

No birds take flight by Jiaohe city's border;

Horse hooves slip smooth on Luntai's snowy order.

Misty bitter frost stretches ten thousand leagues wide;

A thousand rods of ice cling dark cliff's side.

Generals wrapped in fox furs lie cold all night;

Governors' sharp swords stiffen, ready to crack withfrost's might.

Now Tian Shan's snow drifts thick on every slope—

I send you riding fast to the royal cope.

What gift shall I give you beneath snow's pale shroud?

Only green pine boughs, firm through cold cloud.

七、逢入京使

故园东望路漫漫，双袖龙钟泪不干。

马上相逢无纸笔，凭君传语报平安。

Meeting a Messenger Bound for Capital

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Eastward I gaze—how long the homeward way;

My sleeves are soaked with endless tears’ sad spray.

We meet on horseback, no pen nor paper nigh,

Please send my word: at home all peace and joy lie.

八、碛中作

走马西来欲到天，辞家见月两回圆。

今夜不知何处宿，平沙莽莽绝人烟。

Ode Amid the Desert

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

I ride west, as if to touch the sky's bound;

Since leaving home, the moon has circled twice round.

Tonight I know not where to rest my head;

Boundless flat sand, no human trace to tread.

九、首秋轮台

异域阴山外，孤城雪海边。

秋来唯有雁，夏尽不闻蝉。

雨拂毡墙湿，风摇毳幕膻。

轮台万里地，无事历三年。

Early Autumn at Luntai

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Beyond Yin Hill’s wild foreign land,

A lone town stands beside snow sea’s sand.

Autumn comes, only wild geese take flight;

Summer ends, no cicada’s hum day or night.

Rain soaks felt tent walls, damp and thin;

Winds shake wool pavilions, musk scents creep in.

Luntai’s a land ten thousand miles from home;

Three years pass, quiet, no wars to roam.

十、玉门关盖将军歌

盖将军，真丈夫。行年三十执金吾，身长七尺颇有须。

玉门关城迥且孤，黄沙万里白草枯。南邻犬戎北接胡，将军到来备不虞。

五千甲兵胆力粗，军中无事但欢娱。

暖屋绣帘红地炉，织成壁衣花氍毹。

灯前侍婢泻玉壶，金铛乱点野酡酥。

紫绂金章左右趋，问着只是苍头奴。

美人一双闲且都，朱唇翠眉映明矑。

清歌一曲世所无，今日喜闻凤将雏。

可怜绝胜秦罗敷，使君五马谩踟蹰。

野草绣窠紫罗襦，红牙缕马对樗蒱。

玉盘纤手撒作卢，众中夸道不曾输。

枥上昂昂皆骏驹，桃花叱拨价最殊。

骑将猎向城南隅，腊日射杀千年狐。

我来塞外按边储，为君取醉酒剩沽。

醉争酒盏相喧呼，忽忆咸阳旧酒徒。

Ballad of General Gai at Yumen Pass

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Lord Gai, a true hero bold and grand!

At thirty he bore the imperial guard’s command;

Seven feet tall, fine whiskers grace his hand.

Yumen Pass’ walls stand lonely, far apart;

Ten thousand li of yellow sand, white grass witheredheart.

South border tribes, northern nomads dwell near;

The general stands guard, guarding against surprisesevere.

Five thousand armoured soldiers, stout and brave;

In peace the camp dwells, filled with joy to save.

Warm chambers draped in silk, red earthen hearths glowbright;

Woven wall carpets, flowered rugs spread light.

Before the lamp maids pour wine from jade urns fine;

Golden cauldrons brew Tuo‑su, a creamy wine divine.

Purple ribbons, golden seals attend his side;

All mere servants, lowly household guide.

Two peerless beauties, graceful, fair of face;

Red lips, green brows, bright eyes hold every grace.

Their clear sweet songs surpass all mortal rhyme;

Today I hear “Feng Jiang Chu”, a tune sublime.

They outshine famed Qin Luofu, fair maid of old;

Magistrates’ five horse carriages halt, hearts unfold.

Violet silk robes stitched with wild flower embroidery;

Red ivory chess spinners gamble dice gaily.

Slender hands cast dice, scoring highest prize;

Mid the crowd they boast, never lost in games.

In stable stall proud fine steeds stand upright;

Peach dapple chargers bear unmatched price.

They ride to hunt the southern suburb’s ground;

In twelfth moon slay thousand‑year fox, renowned.

I came to frontier lands to check garrison store;

I’ll drink deep wine with you, pour more and more.

We shout and jostle wine cups, drunk with cheer;

Sudden thoughts drift to old wine friends in Xianyangnear.

十一、碛西头送李判官入京

一身从远使，万里向安西。

汉月垂乡泪，胡沙费马蹄。

寻河愁地尽，过碛觉天低。

送子军中饮，家书醉里题。

Sending Judge Li to Capital, West of Silver Desert

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

I journey forth as envoy to far foreign ground;

Ten thousand li westward to Anxi bound.

Han moon stirs homesick tears upon my cheek;

Nomad sands wear horse hooves, worn and weak.

I trace the Yellow River, mourn earth’s far end;

Cross desert wastes, heaven hangs low to bend.

We drink farewell wine within the camp’s domain;

I scribble home letters while drunken thoughts remain.

十二、银山碛西馆

银山碛口风似箭，铁门关西月如练。

双双愁泪沾马毛，飒飒胡沙迸人面。

丈夫三十未富贵，安能终日守笔砚。

Lodge West of Silver Sand Waste

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

At Silver Desert pass winds pierce like arrows sharp;

West of Iron Gate the moon unfurls like white silkharp.

Two streams of sorrow tears dampen horse’s mane;

Sharp nomad sand grains dash against my face amain.

A man of thirty, wealth and rank yet unknown;

How can I linger o’er brush and ink alone?

十三、过碛

黄沙碛里客行迷，四望云天直下低。

为言地尽天还尽，行到安西更向西。

Crossing the Desert

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Lost amid yellow desert sand I stray;

Four quarters heaven stoops, meets earth’s grey clay.

Men say where earth ends, heaven fades away;

Yet past Anxi, the road stretches west alway.

十四、胡歌

黑姓蕃王貂鼠裘，葡萄宫锦醉缠头。

关西老将能苦战，七十行兵仍未休。

Barbarian Ballad

By Cen Shen (Tang Dynasty)

Translated by Wang Yongli

Dark‑surnamed chieftains wear sable furcoats fine;

Drunk on grape wine, palace silk wraps their heads toshine.

Veteran generals west of Guan excel in fierce warfight;

At seventy they march to battle, rest unknown day ornight.

地名（轮台、天山、热海等）采用统一归化译法，边塞特有器物、兵种、风物保留异域意象，不直白拆解文化符号；

文化对等处理：胡琴、羌笛、旄头、毡帐等西域风物保留异域色彩，青史、咸阳、玉门关等中原典故弱化直译障碍，海外读者亦可共情家国情思。

因水平有限，敬请专家、学者和读者批评指正。笔者愿为中华文化出海减少“文化折扣”贡献绵薄之力。

十四首边塞译诗复刻岑参笔下西域风雪、沙场豪情与羁旅乡愁，以英诗韵律承载盛唐边塞风骨。一草一雪、一戈一马皆藏家国大义，译笔打通中西文脉，让千年边塞绝唱跨越语言藩篱，永久流传于海外文坛。（译者王永利）