立冬,北方人讲究"补冬",南方人讲究"藏冬"。我在这条街上开了三十年的小饭馆,每年一到十月末,老主顾就开始在门口探头探脑地问"今年立冬整点啥"。说句实在话,立冬这天的吃食,不是往嘴里塞越贵越好,关键是对症——你身子虚在哪,就补哪。我把我这些年攒下来的经验全摊在这儿,从汤到面到水果,南北方都给你说道说道。
立冬吃什么暖身子
立冬前后天寒地冻,人体热量散失快得很。老话讲"冬藏",这"藏"不是不动,是把热量攒住不外泄。我饭馆里立冬那几天,菜单上必有一道羊肉萝卜汤,用的是本地散养的黑山羊,汤底大火熬两个钟头再转小火慢煨,萝卜切滚刀块,撒一把白胡椒。一碗下肚,从胃暖到脚趾头,比穿件厚棉袄还管用,喝完好一阵子手脚都不冰。
除了羊肉,鸡肉也断不了。立冬炖鸡我偏爱用土鸡,配几片生姜、一把红枣、半棵白萝卜,炖出来汤不油腻,老人小孩都爱喝。有个老主顾,他媳妇产后怕冷,我每年立冬都给她留一份,她跟人说连喝三天比啥保健品都强,今年都第五年了。
立冬喝什么汤好
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单说汤,立冬这天我一般备三样:羊肉汤、鸡汤、排骨莲藕汤。排骨莲藕汤是南方客人的心头好,莲藕要选粉糯的、炖化嘴的那种,汤炖到褐色,喝一口甜丝丝的,特别润。我有个习惯,天冷时会在汤里撒一把香菜碎和几滴小磨香油,提鲜又暖胃,客人端着碗都不舍得放下。
还有一种不常提但特别对路子的——板栗鸡汤。板栗去壳取心,跟鸡块一起下锅,汤里带点坚果的甜香,特别适合脾胃偏寒、一到冬天就拉稀的人。我每年立冬炖一锅大的,分给镇上几个老伙计,他们喝完拍着我肩膀说骨头缝里都是暖的。
立冬水果怎么吃
很多人觉得天冷了水果就得少碰,其实不是那么回事。立冬该吃的水果照常吃,但要挑当季的。橘子、石榴、柿子,这三样是秋冬实打实的"三鲜"。石榴我一般不去籽,掰开直接啃,慢点吃,酸甜的汁水顺着嗓子下去,比灌热水舒服多了,嗓子也不干。
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柿子要等彻底透了再吃,带涩口的千万别碰,糊嗓子不说还容易胃痉挛。我娘当年就爱拿软柿子配热小米粥,说"柿子就粥,顶半碗羊肉"。这话我信,但量得卡住,一次两个顶天,多了第二天准反酸。
立冬忌嘴吃什么
立冬忌嘴,我总结就四条:别碰冰的,别吃太辣,别空腹喝酒,别拿红薯当饭。冰的没话说,从冰箱拿出来的雪糕、冰镇酸奶,这天就别想了,胃一激灵就缩成团。太辣的也压一压,冬天本来就干燥,再辣一口,嗓子第二天准沙哑,整条街咳嗽声此起彼伏。
红薯这条很多人不当回事。我当年在后厨,冬天早上拿红薯当主食,一个接一个地啃,胃里反酸反得直拍桌子,后来再不敢了。适量吃没事,一天超过两个胃酸就开始闹腾。空腹喝酒更别提,天冷血管收缩,酒一进去心脏那个负荷,劝各位老哥真别这么作,我见过太多在饭馆里空腹灌白酒第二天进卫生间的。
立冬面食怎么做
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北方人立冬没个面食说不过去。我家立冬必包饺子,馅儿是羊肉大葱,肉馅肥三瘦七,大葱要青葱,剁碎了拌进肉里,加一勺子花椒水去腥,再打进去半个鸡蛋让馅儿更黏。面皮我让媳妇多擀厚一点,厚皮煮出来筋道,咬一口灌着热气,窗外再刮风也不觉得。
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除了饺子,羊肉泡馍也是立冬硬菜。馍要自己掰,拇指大小,太大煮不透。汤是牛骨汤加羊油,撒一把粉丝、葱花、香菜,端到跟前还得冒白气才合格。我饭馆里立冬那几天,泡馍的馍一卖三十多斤,够整条街吃,后厨的蒸笼从早响到晚。
立冬这顿吃喝,说到底就是图个踏实。不用满汉全席,一碗热汤、一笼饺子、一瓣橘子,把身子顾住了,整个冬天就熬过去了。明儿立冬,我饭馆照常开门,老规矩,进门先喝口热汤再说。
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